Kategori: Politika

“Politika” kategorisi, siyaset dünyasına dair haberleri, analizleri, siyasi partilerin faaliyetlerini, siyasi liderlerin açıklamalarını, seçim süreçlerini, politik gelişmeleri ve diğer politika içeriklerini içerebilir. “Politika” kategorisine dair örnek alt kategoriler aşağıdaki gibi olabilir:

Ulusal Politika: Bir ülkenin iç siyasetine dair haberler, hükümetin ve siyasi partilerin faaliyetleri, yasa tasarıları ve mevzuat süreçleri, devlet politikaları, seçimler, siyasi liderlerin açıklamaları ve politik analizler gibi içerikler sunulabilir.

Uluslararası Politika: Dünya genelindeki politik gelişmelere dair haberler, ülkeler arası ilişkiler, diplomatik faaliyetler, uluslararası anlaşmalar, krizler ve çatışmalar, uluslararası kuruluşlar gibi içerikler sunulabilir.

Siyasi Analizler ve Yorumlar: Siyasi uzmanlar tarafından yapılan analizler, yorumlar, politik süreçlerin ve gelişmelerin derinlemesine ele alındığı içerikler sunulabilir.

Seçim Süreçleri: Genel seçimler, yerel seçimler, referandumlar ve diğer seçim süreçlerine dair haberler, seçim sonuçları, seçim analizleri, seçim kampanyaları gibi içerikler sunulabilir.

Siyasi Partiler ve Siyasi Liderler: Siyasi partilerin faaliyetleri, parti politikaları, liderlik değişiklikleri, siyasi liderlerin açıklamaları, parti içi gelişmeler, seçim stratejileri gibi içerikler sunulabilir.

Siyasi Tarih ve Kurumlar: Politik tarih, siyasi kurumlar, politik ideolojiler, siyasi sistemler ve diğer siyasi konulara dair içerikler sunulabilir.

“Politika” kategorisi, siyasete ilgi duyanlara, politik gelişmeleri takip etmek isteyenlere, siyasi analizler ve yorumlar okumak isteyenlere, seçim süreçlerini takip etmek isteyenlere ve siyasi tarih ve kurumlar hakkında bilgi edinmek isteyenlere yönelik geniş bir içerik sunabilir.

SEC Enforcement Director: ‘We’re Not Concerned With the Labels’ in Crypto Cases

Gurbir Grewal spoke about the SEC’s recent actions during a panel Friday.

“Regulation by enforcement” is “a catchy but tired refrain that’s used effectively by crypto market participants and lobbyists,” said the head of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Enforcement Division Friday.

The SEC has been enforcing existing rules and regulations, said Gurbir Grewal to an audience of academics and lawyers during a panel co-hosted by the Lowenstein Sandler law firm and Rutgers Law School, in some of his first public remarks since the SEC brought charges against crypto exchanges Coinbase and Binance.

The moderators asked about the SEC’s recent actions and the concept of regulation by enforcement. The regulator, who used to be the Attorney General in New Jersey, said the agency was continuing to oversee the crypto industry but that it was focused on activities within the sector, rather than the tokens themselves.

“We’re not concerned with the labels. We’re concerned with the offerings, the labels are not important to us,” Grewal said. “The technology is important. What’s underneath the hood, because when we look underneath the hood, when we kick the tires, we’ve seen plenty … DeFi [decentralized finance] offers that are neither decentralized nor finance but rather just straight [fraud].”

He also spoke to the rise in recent enforcement actions within the crypto sector.

“I think what you’ve seen is that the crypto markets in the downturn, the increase in risk has forced us to focus our efforts here. Maybe that’s been perceived as an uptick, but I think it’s us just doing our jobs as we have been for the last few years,” he said.

“We will extend our jurisdiction as far as the law allows,” Grewal said. “We have tremendous cooperation with a lot of regulators. We meet with them frequently, we have MOUs [memoranda of understanding] with a lot of regulators that facilitate our ability to collect evidence abroad. And I think the more we do that, the more cooperation that exists among regulators, the less space that there is between us and the [U.K.’s] FCA and [Australia’s] ASIC and others that we work [with]… I think the less opportunity [there is] for regulatory arbitrage by bad actors.”

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CFTC to Review Prediction Market Kalshi’s Contracts to Bet on Control of Congress

The U.S. derivatives regulator has scheduled a June 26 meeting to discuss starting another review to evaluate whether to approve Kalshi’s event contracts.

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission will decide on June 26 whether to start a formal 90-day review of prediction market provider KalshiEX’s contract that allows users to bet on which party takes control of the U.S. Congress.

The CFTC oversees the company as a designated contract market, and 90-day reviews are the legal process by which the agency can approve or reject contracts. Kalshi had submitted the contract for CFTC review last year but recently withdrew that original request, and the exchange is now returning to the agency with a new submission.

These particular cash-settled, binary contracts would allow users to predict and bet on which parties would have majority control of each of the two chambers of Congress.

The prediction markets – which allow people “to buy and sell contracts on whether events are going to happen or not,” as Kalshi describes it on its site – have had a tumultuous recent history with the CFTC. Other companies had been ordered to cease doing business in the U.S., such as Polymarket and PredictIt, which has been fighting the CFTC in court since last year.

Binance, SEC Strike Deal to Move All U.S. Customer Funds, Wallet Keys Back Onshore

The proposed agreement still needs judicial sign-off.

Binance, Binance.US and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced a deal to ensure that only Binance.US employees could access customer funds late Friday.

According to the proposed agreement, which still needs sign-off from the federal judge overseeing the case, Binance.US will take steps to make sure that no Binance Holdings (referring to the global exchange) officials have access to private keys for its various wallets, hardware wallets or root access to Binance.US’s Amazon Web Services tools. Moreover, the U.S.-based crypto trading platform will share detailed information about its business expenses, including estimated costs, in the coming weeks.

The proposed deal comes in response to an SEC motion to freeze all of Binance.US’s assets. The regulator said it was concerned that funds could be moved offshore or records destroyed if it was not granted a temporary restraining order (TRO). Binance.US’s attorneys pushed back, saying that freezing all of its assets would amount to the “death penalty.”

Judge Amy Berman Jackson, of the District Court for the District of Columbia, told the parties that it would be better for them to come to an agreement on a proposed stipulation than to have her craft a restraining order, noting that a TRO comes with a two week limit for a more in depth hearing. Two weeks would be insufficient time to prepare, given the more than 4,000 pages of exhibits the parties have already filed, she said during a hearing earlier this week.

Other provisions in the proposed agreement will see Binance.US create new crypto wallets that the global exchange’s employees have no access to, provide additional information to the SEC and agree to an expedited discovery schedule.

U.S.-based customers will still be allowed to withdraw funds during this time.

Judge Punts on FTX Founder Sam Bankman-Fried’s Efforts to Dismiss Some Charges

A U.S. federal judge in New York revealed skepticism of the arguments from SBF’s defense attorneys in a hearing on their motions to dismiss several counts.

The judge overseeing Sam Bankman-Fried’s criminal trial seemed skeptical of his efforts to dismiss some of the charges he faces.

Judge Lewis Kaplan, of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, asked the FTX founder’s defense team several questions about their motion to dismiss bank fraud, wire fraud and campaign finance charges, though he did not make a decision on the motions to dismiss during Thursday’s hearing.

“I’d like to congratulate you on an extraordinarily imaginative [defense],” the judge told one defense attorney who argued that the U.S. Department of Justice was trying to insert new legal theories into its prosecution.

Mark Cohen, another attorney for Bankman-Fried, argued before a packed courtroom that the campaign finance charge should be dismissed, or at least severed alongside other charges, on a technical detail.

“The operative document in extradition is the warrant of surrender,” Cohen said. “It does not list the campaign finance charge.”

Bankman-Fried never consented to be extradited on that charge, Cohen contended.

A prosecutor pushed back against this assertion later on, saying the U.S. had included the charge in its extradition request.

The warrant in question was addressed to Bahamian police, and while it may not have included the charge, the Bahamian court itself was aware of it, the prosecutor said.

Judge Kaplan seemed unconvinced. He seemed similarly skeptical about the defense’s efforts to dismiss bank and wire fraud charges.

Part of Thursday’s hearings focused on the possible timeline through the start of the criminal trial. While the DOJ shared a proposed timeline, the judge said it didn’t give him enough time to review all of the materials he’d have to look at.

The judge also denied a number of motions made by the defense tied to discovery, including an effort to have the DOJ review FTX documents and materials.

Bankman-Fried’s attorneys filed to dismiss most of the charges laid out against him last month, arguing that there were a number of different reasons to grant the motions. Several of the motions to dismiss focused on claimed legal issues, including failure to state an offence or allege valid property rights.

Bankman-Fried also sought to dismiss some charges brought after he was extradited to the U.S. on grounds that the Bahamas hadn’t consented to them.

Bankman-Fried was arrested last December on eight initial charges, but prosecutors have added another five through multiple superseding indictments. Bankman-Fried’s attorneys have argued that under the U.S.’s extradition treaty with the Bahamas, the Bahamas’ government needs to sign off on the charges brought post-extradition. On Tuesday, the Bahamas Supreme Court ruled that he should have an opportunity to argue against the country approving the additional charges.

Late Wednesday night, prosecutors agreed to hold off on these added charges until the Bahamas signed off.

Prosecutors pushed back against the other motions, saying the defense’s arguments didn’t carry enough weight on the procedural issues.

Ripple, SEC Seem to Agree About Not Taking Hinman Speech Seriously

SEC emails illuminated ex-official Hinman’s 2018 view on ETH, which Ripple’s top lawyer said was used to ‘destroy and disrupt’ U.S. crypto, but this probably won’t steer agency policy.

Ripple Labs and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seem to be on the same page about the documents known as the Hinman Emails: The former official’s past remarks shouldn’t govern current policy.

Despite the rush of attention this week on the insider deliberations that went into writing a five-year-old speech from William Hinman – the former head of the SEC’s corporation finance division – the agency’s past uncertainty over the status of ether (ETH) never amounted to formal commission-approved rules or guidance. So the dialogue over the ex-official’s one-time remarks may offer some insights, but it’s unlikely to move the needle on the agency’s crypto policy.

“Nothing in these documents creates precedent or establishes law,” said Andrew Hinkes, a lawyer at K&L Gates who co-chairs its digital assets practice. At best, the emails give “a helpful snapshot of certain SEC staffers’ views on some issues at a point in time,” so it’s useful for those trying to understand where the agency has been coming from on the crypto-as-securities debate, but there’s nothing the SEC can be held to, Hinkes said.

Hinman, in his speech that’s still posted on the SEC website, had said he didn’t “see a need to regulate ether” – a view that was debated among officials inside the agency even as he said it. The remarks have been a particular focus of Ripple, in light of the parallels between ETH and the XRP token closely associated with Ripple’s business.

“The SEC fostered regulatory confusion in the marketplace,” Ripple Chief Legal Officer Stuart Alderoty said Thursday in an interview on CoinDesk TV. “They knew the marketplace was confused, then they took steps to deliberately aggravate that confusion.”

Alderoty had also tweeted what he thinks the emails should mean: “Hinman’s speech should never again be invoked in any serious discussion about whether a token is or is not a security.”

As it happens, that seems fine with the SEC. The agency hasn’t relied on Hinman’s position in recent years and has moved on with other remarks from SEC Chair Gary Gensler that suggest a different view. After Ethereum’s high-profile move to proof-of-stake, Gensler said that such tokens may actually be securities, though he didn’t specify ETH.

Agency spokespeople declined to comment on the release of the emails this week, and Hinman didn’t respond to a request for comment.

Still, none of the issues debated around Hinman’s speech have legal bearing until the SEC’s five commissioners make a new rule, issue guidance or bring an enforcement action that explicitly makes the case that ETH is a security. That’s the chief point of interest for Ripple, which has been fighting with the regulator in court over whether the XRP token associated with its products is a security.

After the company also waged this fierce campaign to win access to the SEC’s emails, Ripple’s Alderoty would like to see them remain in the limelight, arguing that an investigation should be conducted into why Hinman said what he did. He said the SEC has relied on those remarks in its ongoing battles with the sector.

“They’ve weaponized it to bring a series of enforcement actions and trying – through regulation-by-enforcement, we now know – to really destroy and disrupt this crypto economy in the United States,” Alderoty told CoinDesk TV.

But others aren’t sure there’s anything in the messages to alter the high-stakes debate over how crypto will be regulated in the U.S.

“Those who expected bombshells were probably disappointed, but for those who work to understand these markets, there are helpful inclusions that merit further consideration,” Hinkes said.

“I don’t believe that the Hinman emails are particularly significant from a legal standpoint,” said Grant Gulovsen, an Illinois-based lawyer who works with crypto clients, in an email. “I don’t see how it helps Ripple/XRP. And if the Hinman speech is no longer (or never was) the view of the SEC, then it’s not good for crypto generally.”

Hinman – who noted during the 2018 speech that it was his personal view – took a position that crypto projects could become “sufficiently decentralized” that buyers wouldn’t expect anybody was at the helm, so they couldn’t be investment contracts regulated by the SEC. Gulovsen said that idea is still useful as “a reasonable application” of securities law for digital assets.

Do Kwon to Remain in Custody While Montenegro Courts Consider Extradition Request: Report

Courts in the country approved bail for the Terraform Labs founder, but a South Korean extradition request is set to keep him in jail.

Terraform Labs co-founder Do Kwon is to remain in Montenegro custody for six months while the country’s courts consider an extradition request from South Korea, local news outlet RFE reported on Thursday.

The report, later confirmed by DL News, followed a high court announcement on the approval of bail for a case involving document forgery. Kwon’s bail request was approved after a previous rejection by the same court.

In March, the South Korean national was arrested in Montenegro over the alleged possession of falsified documents along with fellow Terra executive Han Chang-Joon. South Korean officials were already searching for Kwon, and following his arrest, the country requested Kwon’s extradition, as did the U.S. Kwon also faces possible jail time in Montenegro over the document forgery case.

Kwon and Han are due to appear in a Montenegro court on Friday.

Curve Finance CEO Egorov Sued by Three DeFi-Focused Venture Capital Firms

A complaint filed in San Francisco alleges Egorov defrauded ParaFi Capital, Framework Ventures and 1kx.

Michael Egorov, the CEO of decentralized finance (DeFi) firm Curve Finance, is being sued for fraud by venture capital firms ParaFi Capital, Framework Ventures and 1kx in the U.S.

A complaint filed in the Superior Court of California, San Francisco, alleges Egorov misappropriated trade secrets of the three VC firms, and defrauded the firms out of close to $1 million in funds while dangling the false promise of a possible stake in Curve to gain the investors’ trust and support.

The lawsuit, filed in April, also alleges that Egorov moved to Switzerland to insulate himself from the inevitable legal fallout. The three firms have been pursuing a breach-of-contract case in Switzerland against Egorov and his company Swiss Stake since 2020.

Curve Finance, a decentralized exchange built on the Ethereum blockchain, ranks among the biggest DeFi trading platforms, with some $4.07 billion in total locked value, according to DeFi Llama. Curve operates in the form of a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO), controlled by the CRV token, which can be bought or earned by contributing to Curve’s liquidity pools.

Beginning in early 2020, Framework Ventures, ParaFi Capital and 1kx claim that Egorov “engaged in a brazen, multi-faceted scheme to defraud” them over a six-month period, according to the complaint. The VCs also allege Egorov “misappropriated” the firms’ “trade secrets,” including “information that proved to be critical to the development of Curve, such as key industry contacts, potential investors, and knowledge of how to manage an investment round – all while falsely promising that Plaintiffs would benefit from the fruits of their labor, not just Egorov.”

The VC’s also claim Egorov offered to sell shares of Swiss Stake to Plaintiffs for close to $1 million (alleging that a combined $925,233.54 worth of USDC was sent to a wallet specified by Egorov), but had no intention of transferring shares of Swiss Stake to the firms.

Egorov’s lawyers said in May 22 filing that the allegations of fraud derive from the termination of a contract between the VCs and Swiss Stake, and that the “trade secrets” in question were really the names of widely known investors. Egorov’s side also claims Swiss Stake promptly offered to return the roughly $1 million of invested funds.

“To justify their blatant forum shopping, Plaintiffs concocted a new and compelling story painting Egorov as an evil villain who duped three naïve VC firms into giving up ‘trade secrets,’” according to a May 22 filing by Egorov’s lawyers. The case against Egorov amounts to “nothing more than a clever narrative,” his attorneys said.

Law firm Latham & Watkins, representing the three VC firms provided CoinDesk with a statement via email: “It is regrettable this has reached the point of litigation, but we strongly believe the facts are on our side. In that respect, the complaint speaks for itself. Our clients are resolved to seek full accountability of Michael Egorov for his behavior.”

Egorov’s lawyers, DLA Piper, had not responded to an emailed request for comment by press time.

Mt. Gox’s Hackers Are 2 Russian Nationals, U.S. DOJ Alleges in Indictment

One of the individuals also operated BTC-e, the DOJ alleged.

The U.S. Department of Justice charged Russian nationals Alexey Bilyuchenko and Aleksandr Verner with hacking Mt. Gox in 2011, at the time one of the biggest thefts in the crypto industry.

The two “gained unauthorized access” to Mt. Gox’s wallets around September 2011, the DOJ said in a press release Friday announcing the unsealing of a 2019 indictment, stealing 647,000 over the course of nearly three years. These funds were then laundered.

The DOJ alleged that Bilyuchenko was also an operator of defunct crypto exchange BTC-e, alongside Alexander Vinnick who was previously charged with operating BTC-e.

Both face charges of conspiracy to commit money laundering, while Bilyuchenko also faces a charge of operating an unlicensed money services business. The DOJ’s Southern District of New York and Northern District of California offices both brought cases tied to the Mt. Gox hack.

In a statement, DOJ Assistant Attorney Kenneth Polite said, “This announcement marks an important milestone in two major cryptocurrency investigations. As alleged in the indictments, starting in 2011, Bilyuchenko and Verner stole a massive amount of cryptocurrency from Mt. Gox, contributing to the exchange’s ultimate insolvency. Armed with the ill-gotten gains from Mt. Gox, Bilyuchenko allegedly went on to help set up the notorious BTC-e virtual currency exchange, which laundered funds for cyber criminals worldwide. These indictments highlight the department’s unwavering commitment to bring to justice bad actors in the cryptocurrency ecosystem and prevent the abuse of the financial system.”

CFTC Wins Lawsuit Against Ooki DAO

The regulator’s victory serves as proof decentralized entities can face legal consequences for their dealings, contrary to popular beliefs.

A federal judge has sided with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in a lawsuit alleging decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) Ooki DAO offered unregistered commodities, quashing an industry-wide perception that decentralized finance (DeFi) actors are immune to regulatory scrutiny.

U.S. District Judge William H. Orrick ruled on Thursday that Ooki DAO operated an illegal trading platform and unlawfully acted as an unregistered futures commission merchant (FCM), granting the CFTC a default judgment. He ordered the organization to pay $643,542 in penalty, to permanently cease its operations and shut down its website.

The original lawsuit, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California last September, alleged the DAO offered “leveraged and margined” commodities transactions to retail customers and neglected to observe know-your-consumer laws while serving those traders.

In January, the CFTC requested a federal judge go ahead with a ruling that the DAO violated federal commodities laws after the DAO missed a deadline to respond to the lawsuit. A judge dismissed the request, however.

While Ooki DAO never formally responded to – or even acknowledged – the lawsuit, it did geofence the U.S. after the suit was filed.

Players in the decentralized finance (DeFI) space have long evaded the legal scrutiny faced by their centralized counterparts, but that could be changing. In March, a California court ruled bZx protocol and its token-holding community members’ were liable for losses resulting from an exploit that drained their DAO’s treasury. And, in April, the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) subpoenaed SushiSwap Head Chef Jared Grey.

Binance’s Nigeria Unit Ordered to Halt ‘Illegal’ Operations by Securities Watchdog

The order against Binance Nigeria Limited follows U.S. SEC allegations that the exchange had violated federal securities laws.

Crypto exchange Binance’s Nigerian unit was ordered to immediately halt operations in the country by the local Securities and Exchange Commission, according to a Friday circular.

“Binance Nigeria Limited is neither registered nor regulated by the Commission and its operations in Nigeria are therefore illegal,” the notice said.

Nigeria’s order follows a lawsuit by the U.S. securities watchdog last Monday against the largest global crypto exchange by market capitalization, alleging it failed to register as a broker or exchange, and that it sold offered unregistered securities the general public.

Although Nigeria’s SEC had previously said it viewed all crypto assets to be securities by default, this appears to be the first action taken by the regulator against a major exchange platform. In May, Bloomberg reported the country’s SEC was processing crypto firms’ applications for registration on a trial basis but would not officially start registering them until it has reached an agreement with the country’s central bank.

Banks in the country are prohibited from offering services to crypto platforms.

“The Commission shall provide updates on further regulatory actions with respect to the activities of Binance Nigeria Limited, and other similar platforms and shall work with other regulators in Nigeria to provide further guidance on this matter,” Friday’s order said.